A few hours after egg collection, and once the sperm has been specially processed to remove the seminal plasma and retrieve the spermatozoa with good motility, it is placed together with the eggs in a culture fluid. On the following day, the embryologists will confirm fertilisation under the microscope, which is evidenced with 2 cells (2 round formations) inside the eggs.
If there is a serious problem with the number or motility of the sperm, there are special techniques to achieve fertilisation, such as the microdrop technique, the enzymatic removal of the cells surrounding the eggs, and intracytoplasmic sperm injection. In 48 hours after egg collection, the fertilised eggs are already dividing into 2 or 4 cells.
Source: https://www.genesisathens.gr/en/